The problem: From the 1974 Bond movie The Man with the Golden Gun, filmed on Khao Phing Kan, to the 2000 film The Beach set in Maya Bay, the appeal of Thailand’s beaches has been captured and broadcast for decades. Throngs of travelers have trooped in since, chasing the turquoise waters, dramatic limestone cliffs, and tropical foliage the region is known for—and, of course, the Insta-worthy photos.
The attention, paired with a delayed reaction by local government to regulate the beaches, has led to these stretches of sand becoming overcrowded in recent years. Koh Tachai, for example, is a popular diving and snorkeling spot in the Andaman Sea just north of Phuket that can comfortably accommodate 70 travelers at one time on any of its beaches. As of 2016, it began seeing crowds closer to 1,000 squeezing onto the sand. The Beach’s Maya Bay, on the already-popular Koh Phi Phi Leh island, sees about 5,000 visitors per day (Maya Bay is just 820 feet long). This overcrowding has led to the decimation of entire ecosystems on these islands: Their beaches and waves have become littered with trash, their reefs severely damaged by irresponsible snorkelers and boats (Maya is estimated to have lost 80 percent of its coral cover), and marine life virtually wiped out as a result.
What they’re doing about it: The multifarious Thai government has branches that spur overtourism, while others simultaneously work to combat its effects. The latter, Thailand’s Department of National Parks, Plants, and Wildlife Conservation, is currently working overtime to combat the ruin created by the former—namely, by closing down overrun national spaces and giving them time to repair, while reassessing what responsible tourism could look like in the future. In May 2016, the DNP announced it would be closing Koh Tachai to tourists, and enacting new regulations on Koh Khai Nok, Koh Khai Nui, and Koh Khai Nai (all islands off the coast tourist hub Phuket). "We have to close [Koh Tachai] to allow the rehabilitation of the environment both on the island and in the sea without being disturbed by tourism activities before the damage is beyond repair," Tunya Netithammakul, director of the DNP at the time, told the Bangkok Post. Regulations on the other islands stimulated when, where, and how tour operators could visit the islands, and included the removal of beachfront structures deemed detrimental to the local environment.
In June of this year, the department announced it would also be closing Maya Bay to tourists for four months, before updating the mandate in October to read as an indefinite closure. "The ecosystem and the beach's physical structure have [not] yet returned to its full condition," said the DNP's announcement, noting that the bay would remain closed “until natural resources return to normal." The rehabilitation program includes reviving corals and installing boat jetties.
What you can do about it: Traveler’s Cynthia Drescher suggests visiting Trang, Thailand: “The coast of southwestern Thailand's Trang province is speckled with island beaches, like on Koh Libong, Koh Mook, and Koh Kradan, that rival the natural beauty of Maya Bay, but see a fraction of the tourists.” And, no matter what the destination, read up on the causes of coral damage—and how to minimize your impact. For starters? Stock up on reef-safe sunscreen, don’t stand on coral—ever—and be sure to travel with eco-conscious tour operators who will guide you responsibility, like Intrepid Travel.