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Russian Troops Will Stay to Finish Job in Kazakhstan, Putin Says

Blaming “internal and external forces” for the unrest in the resource-rich Central Asian country, President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia set no deadline for the withdrawal of the forces his country sent there.

President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia joined a meeting of the Collective Security Treaty Organization, a body akin to NATO, via video conference on Monday.Credit...Pool photo by Alexei Nikolsky

MOSCOW — President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia said on Monday that recent unrest in Kazakhstan had been caused by “destructive internal and external forces” and that more than 2,000 troops his country had sent as “peacekeepers” would leave only once their mission was complete.

Mr. Putin said the troops would remain “for a limited time period.” But he did not give any deadline for a withdrawal, saying that they would stay as long as President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev of Kazakhstan “considers it necessary,” raising the possibility they could be in the country indefinitely.

Mr. Putin’s comments, made at a meeting of the Collective Security Treaty Organization, a body equivalent to NATO that includes six countries from the former Soviet Union, were his first since unrest engulfed Kazakhstan last week, with widespread protests over rising gas prices that began peacefully and then turned violent.

The Russian president said the unrest was indicative of foreign attempts to intervene in a region the Kremlin sees as its sphere of influence, and compared recent events to the protests in Ukraine that led to the ouster of the country’s pro-Russian president in 2014. Those protests also helped precipitate Russia’s annexation of Crimea and invasion of the Donbas region in eastern Ukraine that year.

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Protesting over an increase in energy prices in Almaty, Kazakhstan’s largest city, last week.Credit...Stringer/EPA, via Shutterstock

Mr. Putin said that the Collective Security Treaty Organization, widely seen as Russian-dominated, would not allow any “color revolutions,” a term that has been used for the pro-democracy movements that swept many countries of the former Soviet Union.

“Elements of force and information support of protests” reminiscent of the Ukraine protests, which the Kremlin has long maintained were organized by anti-Russian foreign powers, “were actively used, and well-organized and well-controlled groups of militants were also used,” Mr. Putin said. He added that people “apparently trained in terrorist camps abroad” had been among the rioters.

At least 5,800 people have been detained and more than 2,000 injured after several days of violence last week in Kazakhstan, according to the president’s office. The country’s health ministry issued, then withdrew, a statement on Sunday saying that at least 164 people had died in the violence, including 103 in the country’s economic center, Almaty.

More than a dozen police officers, national guardsmen, and military personnel had been killed, according to the interior ministry, which put the number of injured at 1,300.

Mr. Tokayev, the country’s president, told the same alliance meeting that he had weathered “an attempted coup d’état,” one in which “armed militants” had sought to use protests as a pretext.

“The main goal was obvious: the undermining of the constitutional order, the destruction of government institutions and the seizure of power,” he said.

It is difficult to assess the situation inside Kazakhstan, which has been largely shut off from the outside world, and neither Mr. Putin nor Mr. Tokayev provided evidence for their assertions.

The rapid evolution of peaceful protests in the Kazakhstan’s west to countrywide demonstrations that quickly descended into violent chaos has led observers to speculate that the unrest was fanned by infighting within the Kazakh elite.

That view was fanned this weekend when officials announced that the former head of Kazakhstan’s powerful intelligence agency and a key ally of a former president had been arrested on suspicion of treason.

The comments from Mr. Putin came as American and Russian diplomats gathered in Geneva in the hopes of negotiating a drawdown of the 100,000 troops the Kremlin has positioned on the border with Ukraine in recent months.

Mr. Putin said Russia’s decision to send troops to the “brotherly Kazakh people” — the first time the 20-year-old Collective Security Treaty Organization had activated its mutual defense clause — was “extremely timely and absolutely legitimate.”

Mr. Tokayev’s decision to invite foreign troops to help quell the unrest was a sign of his domestic weakness and internal power struggles, many analysts said. It is likely to pull the resource-rich Central Asian nation further into Russia’s embrace, and make Mr. Tokayev reliant on Moscow for his continued power.

In a sign, perhaps, of the power imbalance between them, Mr. Putin forgot Mr. Tokayev’s name during the video meeting Monday, mangling it as “Kemal Zhomartovich,” instead of Kassym-Jomart. In a news conference on Dec. 23, Mr. Putin did not mention the Kazakh president by name but noted decades of positive cooperation with his predecessor, Nursultan Nazarbayev, who stepped down in 2019 after 28 years in power.

Kazakh officials said on Sunday that order had been restored and that the foreign troops would “probably” be gone by the following week.

But Russia has a record of sending “peacekeepers” who do not leave. Troops it sent three decades ago to the breakaway region of Moldova and the Abkhazia region of Georgia remain there.

Valerie Hopkins is a correspondent based in Moscow. She previously covered Central and Southeastern Europe for a decade, most recently for the Financial Times. More about Valerie Hopkins

A version of this article appears in print on  , Section A, Page 6 of the New York edition with the headline: Putin Offers No Deadline On Kazakhstan. Order Reprints | Today’s Paper | Subscribe

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