Themes

1. Carbon budgets and climate policy

2. Measuring and modelling CO₂ in the atmosphere

3. Measuring and modelling CO₂ in the ocean

4. Measuring and modelling carbon on land

5. Anthropogenic fluxes, MRV (monitoring, reporting and verification) and all that

6. Lateral fluxes of carbon and closing loops

7. The paleo carbon cycle and what it can teach us

8. Carbon in an urbanising world

9. Interaction with other gases in nature and policy

10. A just and sustainable climate transition, carbon policy and the SDGs

11. The Amazon and role in the global carbon cycle

12. The observing system of 2040

13. Carbon-cycle/climate feedbacks

14. Isotopes and proxies

15. Agriculture and land disturbances and the carbon cycle