Impact of COVID-19 outbreak on mental health and perceived strain among caregivers tending children with special needs

Res Dev Disabil. 2020 Dec:107:103790. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103790. Epub 2020 Oct 6.

Abstract

Background: While COVID-19 outbreak has had adverse psychological effects in children with special needs, the mental state and burden on their caregivers during this pandemic has yet to be reported.

Aims: The objectives of this study were to describe the mental health status and the change in perceived strain among caregivers during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Methods and procedures: Two hundred sixty four caregivers completed an online survey that assessed demographics, use and perspective on tele-rehabilitation, homecare therapy, caregiver's strain and mental health.

Outcomes and results: The prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms were found to be 62.5 %, 20.5 % and 36.4 % respectively. A significant difference in caregiver strain (p < 0.001, effect size = 0.93) was observed during the outbreak compared to levels pre-outbreak (pre-outbreak strain was measured retrospectively). Caregivers not using tele-rehabilitation along with a perception of it being a poor medium for rehabilitation were at greater risks for poor mental health whereas a negative perception on homecare therapy were strongly associated with higher psychological symptoms and strain.

Conclusions and implications: This study identified a high prevalence of depression and significant change in strain displayed by caregivers during the COVID-19 outbreak. We identified several factors associated with poor mental health and perceived strain that can be used to help safeguard caregivers.

Keywords: COVID-19; Caregiver strain; Children with special needs; Mental health; Telerehabilitation.

MeSH terms

  • Age Factors
  • Anxiety / epidemiology
  • Anxiety / psychology*
  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / physiopathology
  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / rehabilitation
  • Attitude to Health
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder / physiopathology
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder / rehabilitation
  • COVID-19*
  • Caregiver Burden / epidemiology
  • Caregiver Burden / psychology*
  • Caregivers / psychology*
  • Caregivers / statistics & numerical data
  • Cerebral Palsy / physiopathology
  • Cerebral Palsy / rehabilitation
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Depression / epidemiology
  • Depression / psychology*
  • Developmental Disabilities / physiopathology
  • Developmental Disabilities / rehabilitation
  • Down Syndrome / physiopathology
  • Down Syndrome / rehabilitation
  • Female
  • Financial Stress
  • Functional Status
  • Home Care Services
  • Humans
  • Income
  • India / epidemiology
  • Learning Disabilities / physiopathology
  • Learning Disabilities / rehabilitation
  • Male
  • Mental Health
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders / physiopathology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders / rehabilitation*
  • Parents / psychology*
  • Prevalence
  • Spinal Dysraphism / physiopathology
  • Spinal Dysraphism / rehabilitation
  • Stress, Psychological / epidemiology
  • Stress, Psychological / psychology*
  • Telerehabilitation*
  • Teleworking
  • Workload