Objectives: The epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) brought psychological stress to the public, especially to patients. This study aims to investigate the mental health of patients with COVID-19 in Changsha.
Methods: We took cross-section investigation for the mental health of 112 patients with COVID-19 via questionnaires. Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test were performed to compare general and clinical data between the slight-ordinary patients and severe patients. Single sample t-tests were used to compare the difference between the factor scores of the Symptom Check-List 90 (SCL-90) in COVID-19 patients with the norm of 2015 and factor scores of SCL-90 in patients with the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).
Results: The obsessive-compulsive, depression, sleep and eating disorders had the highest frequency among the positive symptoms of SCL-90 in patients with COVID-19 in Changsha. The factor scores of somatization, depression, anxiety, phobia anxiety, sleep and eating disorders in patients with COVID-19 were higher than those of the norm (P≤0.001 or P<0.05). Slight-ordinary patients with COVID-19 in Changsha showed lower factor scores of somatization, depression, anxiety, and hostility compared with the patients with SARS (P<0.001 or P<0.05). There was no difference in factor scores of SCL-90 between the patients with severe COVID-19 and those with SARS(P>0.05).
Conclusions: The levels of somatization, depression, anxiety, phobia anxiety, sleep and eating disorders in patients with COVID-19 in Changsha are higher than those of the norm. However, the mental health of slight-ordinary patients with COVID-19 is better than that of patients with SARS. It needs to provide targeting psychological interventions depending on the severity of patients.
目的: 2019冠状病毒病(coronavirus disease 2019，COVID-19)疫情给社会公众，特别是确诊患者造成心理应激。本研究旨在探讨长沙地区COVID-19患者的心理健康状况。方法: 通过调查问卷对112名COVID-19患者心理健康进行横断面调查。采用曼-惠特尼U检验、χ2检验和Fisher确切概率法比较轻型-普通型患者与重型患者的一般资料和临床资料。采用单样本t检验比较COVID-19患者症状自评量表(Symptom Check-List 90，SCL-90)因子分与2015年常模和严重急性呼吸综合征(severe acute respiratory syndrome，SARS)患者的差异。结果: 长沙地区COVID-19患者SCL-90中阳性症状检出最高的为强迫症状、抑郁、睡眠和饮食障碍，患者的躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、睡眠和饮食障碍因子得分较常模增高(P≤0.001或P<0.05)。与SARS患者相比，长沙地区轻型-普通型COVID-19患者SCL-90躯体化、抑郁、焦虑和敌对因子分较低(P<0.001或P<0.05)；而重型COVID-19患者各因子分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论: 长沙地区COVID-19患者存在显著的抑郁、焦虑、恐怖等心理问题以及睡眠和饮食障碍，但轻型-普通型患者的心理健康在一定程度上优于SARS患者。应结合COVID-19患者的病情严重程度予以针对性的心理干预。.
Keywords: Changsha; Symptom Check-List 90; clinical types; coronavirus disease 2019; mental health; pneumonia; severe acute respiratory syndrome.