Cardiac Computed Tomography for Structural Heart Disease Assessment and Therapeutic Planning: Focus on Prosthetic Valve Dysfunction

Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J. 2020 Apr-Jun;16(2):86-96. doi: 10.14797/mdcj-16-2-86.

Abstract

Of the 100,000-plus valve surgeries performed each year in the United States, up to 6% of those develop complications from prosthetic valve dysfunction. Prosthetic valve dysfunction (PVD) can be life threatening and often challenging to diagnose. In this review, we discuss the prevalence and incidence of PVD, explore its different etiologies, and assess the role of multimodality imaging with an emphasis on cardiac multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) for evaluating patients with PVD. We also investigate the utility of MDCT in preprocedural planning for transcatheter devices and redo surgical planning and discuss management strategies for patients with PVD.

Keywords: CT fusion imaging; multidetector computed tomography; prosthetic valve dysfunction.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / adverse effects
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / instrumentation*
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis*
  • Heart Valves / diagnostic imaging
  • Heart Valves / physiopathology
  • Heart Valves / surgery*
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Multidetector Computed Tomography*
  • Multimodal Imaging
  • Postoperative Complications / diagnostic imaging*
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology
  • Postoperative Complications / physiopathology
  • Postoperative Complications / surgery
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prevalence
  • Prosthesis Failure*
  • Reoperation
  • Risk Factors
  • Treatment Outcome