August 17, 2021, Vol 326, No. 7, Pages 587-680 | Racial and Ethnic Disparities and Inequities in Medicine and Health Care

This Viewpoint discusses the effects of racism on the patient-physician relationship, the challenges that persist in the United States related to social and political determinants of health, and strategies for improving the patient-physician relationship and eliminating racial interference.

This Viewpoint examines ways to enhance representation of the Latino community in the US health care workforce and to address their specific health care needs in order to address health care disparities.

This Viewpoint discusses the racist rhetoric that has been aimed at Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander individuals throughout the COVID-19 pandemic and highlights the importance of recognizing the special challenges of this population in achieving health equity for all.

This Viewpoint highlights the effects of anti-Black racism on Black clinicians and patients, explains the difference between superficial and meaningful efforts to exert change, and itemizes meaningful actions that can assist in the effort to end systemic racism.

This Viewpoint discusses the role of diversity, equity, and inclusion practitioners in organizations and how these experts must work in partnership with leaders to enhance equity.

This Viewpoint discusses anti-Asian bias and marginalization in the US, the proportions of Asian American medical students and practicing physicians, and the proportions achieving the leadership and management positions of full professor or department chair.

This Viewpoint discusses the ways in which structural racism denies racial and ethnic minority groups opportunities for advancement in academic medicine and scientific publication, details several actions critical for promoting equity at medical journals, and calls for leadership of medical journals to promote a culture of diversity, equity, and inclusion through antibias and antiracist organizational principles and practices.

This Viewpoint discusses the low rates at which Black and Latino individuals in the US are being vaccinated against COVID-19 and how the National Black Church Initiative plans to address gaps in vaccination as well as other health care disparities.