A Pharmacy-Based Electronic Handoff Tool to Reduce Discharge Prescribing of Atypical Antipsychotics Initiated in the Intensive Care Unit: A Quality Improvement Initiative

J Pharm Pract. 2019 Aug;32(4):434-441. doi: 10.1177/0897190018761412. Epub 2018 Feb 27.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate whether a pharmacist-initiated electronic handoff tool can reduce the overall, and potentially inappropriate, hospital discharge prescribing rate of atypical antipsychotics (AAP) initiated in AAP-naive critically ill adults.

Methods: This pre-post quality improvement study was initiated in 5 intensive care units (ICUs) at a large academic medical center. An electronic handoff tool (iVent) was utilized in the post-intervention period to enhance pharmacist communication at inpatient transitions of care.

Results: Of the 358 included patients, the proportion of hospital survivors with an AAP initiated in the ICU receiving a hospital discharge prescription was not different between the pre- and post-intervention period (28.6% vs 22.2%, P = .12). The proportion of ICU survivors with an AAP continued at the time of ICU transfer to the floor was reduced post-intervention (78.7% vs 66.7%, P = .012). Additionally, the overall proportion of a patient's hospitalization receiving an AAP was also reduced (50.4% vs 42.8%, P = .008). A multivariate logistic regression demonstrated thatutilization of the electronic handoff tool was not associated with a reduction in hospital discharge prescribing of an AAP (odds ratio [OR]: 0.97, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.57-1.65).

Conclusions: A pharmacy-initiated electronic handoff tool may reduce the proportion of AAP-naive ICU survivors with an AAP continued at the time of ICU transfer. The handoff tool was not associated with a significant reduction in the discharge prescribing rates of AAPs for hospital survivors, but a clinically meaningful reduction was possibly achieved due to enhanced communication enabled by this tool.

Keywords: critical care; delirium; medication reconciliation; medication review; transitions of care.

MeSH terms

  • Academic Medical Centers
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antipsychotic Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Critical Illness
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Inappropriate Prescribing / prevention & control
  • Intensive Care Units
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient Discharge / standards
  • Patient Handoff / standards
  • Pharmacists / organization & administration*
  • Pharmacy Service, Hospital / organization & administration*
  • Practice Patterns, Physicians' / standards*
  • Quality Improvement

Substances

  • Antipsychotic Agents