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Water
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Water Recycling via Aquifers
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Water Recycling via Aquifers

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water Use and Scarcity".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2018) | Viewed by 11209

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Joanne L. Vanderzalm

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Guest Editor
CSIRO Land and Water, Australia
Interests: water quality; biogeochemical processes; managed aquifer recharge; environmental tracers; water recycling
Dr. Declan Page

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
CSIRO Land and Water, Waite Laboratories, SA, Australia
Interests: Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR); water recycling; stormwater harvesting; Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA); risk management; drinking water treatment

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Increasing pressure on water resources due to population growth and climate variability has led to greater demand for water recycling. Water recycling via aquifers, or Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR), has the potential to significantly increase the portion of water recycled in water-stressed areas. Aquifers can provide storage to increase the security of water supplies; provide water in seasons and years of high demand; replenish over-exploited aquifers; reduce evaporative losses associated with surface storage; and further treat the water. This Special Issue of Water calls for contributions reporting on experience with water recycling via aquifers that will facilitate uptake of recycled water MAR. A non-exhaustive list of desired contributions includes characterization of site suitability; operational performance; novel recharge techniques; water quality changes; aquifer clogging; economics; public acceptance; risk assessment; and governance.

Dr. Joanne L. Vanderzalm
Dr. Declan Page
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • managed aquifer recharge

  • clogging; water quality

  • aquifer characterization

  • geochemistry

  • microbiology

  • risk assessment

  • tracers

  • economics

  • public acceptance

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 25978 KiB  
Article
Flow Velocity Effects on Fe(III) Clogging during Managed Aquifer Recharge Using Urban Storm Water
by Xinqiang Du, Hexuan Zhang, Xueyan Ye and Ying Lu
Water 2018, 10(4), 358; https://doi.org/10.3390/w10040358 - 22 Mar 2018
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3394
Abstract
Storm water harvesting and storage has been employed for nearly a hundred years, and using storm water to recharge aquifers is one of the most important ways to relieve water scarcity in arid and semi-arid regions. However, it cannot be widely adopted because [...] Read more.
Storm water harvesting and storage has been employed for nearly a hundred years, and using storm water to recharge aquifers is one of the most important ways to relieve water scarcity in arid and semi-arid regions. However, it cannot be widely adopted because of clogging problems. The risk of chemical clogging is mostly associated with iron oxyhydroxide precipitation; anhydrous ferric oxide (HFO) clogging remains a problem in many wellfields. This paper investigates Fe(III) clogging levels at three flow velocities (Darcy velocities, 0.46, 1.62 and 4.55 m/d). The results indicate that clogging increases with flow velocity, and is mostly affected by the first 0–3 cm of the column. The highest water velocity caused full clogging in 35 h, whereas the lowest took 53 h to reach an stable 60% reduction in hydraulic conductivity. For the high flow velocity, over 90% of the HFO was deposited in the 0–1 cm section. In contrast, the lowest flow velocity deposited only 75% in this section. Fe(III) deposition was used as an approximation for Fe(OH)3. High flow velocity may promote Fe(OH)3 flocculent precipitate, thus increasing Fe(III) deposition. The main mechanism for a porous matrix interception of Fe(III) colloidal particles was surface filtration. Thus, the effects of deposition, clogging phenomena, and physicochemical mechanisms, are more significant at higher velocities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Recycling via Aquifers)
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Review

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25 pages, 1163 KiB  
Review
Water Recycling via Aquifers for Sustainable Urban Water Quality Management: Current Status, Challenges and Opportunities
by Elise Bekele, Declan Page, Joanne Vanderzalm, Anna Kaksonen and Dennis Gonzalez
Water 2018, 10(4), 457; https://doi.org/10.3390/w10040457 - 10 Apr 2018
Cited by 35 | Viewed by 7388
Abstract
Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is used worldwide in urban environments to replenish groundwater to provide a secure and sustainable supply of potable and non-potable water. It relies on natural treatment processes within aquifers (i.e., filtration, sorption, and degradation), and in some cases involves [...] Read more.
Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is used worldwide in urban environments to replenish groundwater to provide a secure and sustainable supply of potable and non-potable water. It relies on natural treatment processes within aquifers (i.e., filtration, sorption, and degradation), and in some cases involves infiltration through the unsaturated zone to polish the given source water, e.g., treated wastewater, stormwater, or rainwater, to the desired quality prior to reuse. Whilst MAR in its early forms has occurred for millennia, large-scale schemes to replenish groundwater with advanced treated reclaimed water have come to the fore in cities such as Perth, Western Australia, Monterey, California, and Changwon, South Korea, as water managers consider provision for projected population growth in a drying climate. An additional bonus for implementing MAR in coastal aquifers is assisting in the prevention of seawater intrusion. This review begins with the rationale for large-scale MAR schemes in an Australian urban context, reflecting on the current status; describes the unique benefits of several common MAR types; and provides examples from around the world. It then explores several scientific challenges, ranging from quantifying aquifer removal for various groundwater contaminants to assessing risks to human health and the environment, and avoiding adverse outcomes from biogeochemical changes induced by aquifer storage. Scientific developments in the areas of water quality assessments, which include molecular detection methods for microbial pathogens and high resolution analytical chemistry methods for detecting trace chemicals, give unprecedented insight into the “polishing” offered by natural treatment. This provides opportunities for setting of compliance targets for mitigating risks to human health and maintaining high performance MAR schemes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Recycling via Aquifers)
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