National Bridge Inventory: Michigan



  • The state has identified needed repairs on 2,732 bridges.
  • This compares to 2,650 bridges that needed work in 2019.
  • Over the life of the IIJA, Michigan will receive a total of $608.2 million in bridge formula funds, which will help make needed repairs.
  • Michigan currently has access to $243.3 million of that total, and has committed $53.6 million towards 67 projects as of June 2023.
  • Of the 11,341 bridges in the state, 1,292, or 11.4 percent, are classified as structurally deficient. This means one of the key elements is in poor or worse condition.
  • This is up from 1,217 bridges classified as structurally deficient in 2019.
  • The deck area of structurally deficient bridges accounts for 8.1 percent of total deck area on all structures.

County Year Built Daily Crossings Type of Bridge Location
Oakland 1971 209,200 Urban Interstate I-696 over I-75 & 4 Ramps
Wayne 1971 98,506 Urban Interstate I-94 over Ent to Ford Plant
Wayne 1963 92,920 Urban freeway/expressway M-39 over Ecorse Creek
Wayne 1970 78,863 Urban Interstate I-96 WB Main Rdwy over M-39 (Southfield Expr)
Wayne 1962 74,175 Urban Interstate I-94 WB over Ecorse Rd
Monroe 1955 67,800 Urban Interstate I-75 over Conrail ,Raisin R, Front
Wayne 1971 65,653 Urban Interstate I-275 SB over Schoolcraft Rd
Genesee 1976 63,400 Urban Interstate I-475 and Ramp B over Chavez Dr
Genesee 1976 63,400 Urban Interstate I-475 over Davison - Broadway Aves
Genesee 1976 63,400 Urban Interstate I-475 over Gilkey Creek
Wayne 1953 63,154 Urban freeway/expressway M-10 WB over I-94 Ramp from M-10
Livingston 1960 61,696 Rural arterial US-23 over M-36
Oakland 1967 61,150 Urban Interstate Ramp P to M-10 over I-696
Wayne 1969 60,400 Urban other principal arterial M-102 8 mile Rd over I-75
Wayne 1962 60,077 Urban Interstate I-94 EB over Beech-Daly Rd
Wayne 1955 59,083 Urban Interstate I-94 EB over I-94 Ramp to M-10
Genesee 1971 59,000 Urban Interstate I-475 over CSX RR & NB Serv Rd(Abn)
Wayne 1928 53,839 Urban other principal arterial Allen & Pelham Rds over Sexton Kilfoil Drain
Kent 1961 50,972 Urban Interstate I-296 (US-131) SB over US-131 Br (Leonard)
Livingston 1962 44,600 Urban Interstate I-96 EB over Grand River Ave
Livingston 1962 44,600 Urban Interstate I-96 WB over Grand River Ave
Kent 1961 42,978 Urban other principal arterial M-44 (E Belt Line) over I-96
Wayne 1962 42,800 Urban minor arterial Jefferson Ave over I-375
Wayne 1971 42,538 Urban other principal arterial M-153 WB over Hines Drive
Kent 1964 41,000 Urban Interstate I-196 WB over Gd R,I-296,Scrb,Trn,Monr
Type of Bridge Number of Bridges Area of All Bridges
(sq. meters)
Daily Crossings on All Bridges Number of Structurally Deficient Bridges Area of Structurally Deficient Bridges
(sq. meters)
Daily Crossings on Structurally Deficient Bridges
Rural Interstate 405 362,866 8,148,774 25 16,790 307,230
Rural arterial 645 405,302 5,745,684 39 22,673 383,842
Rural minor arterial 642 294,824 3,272,594 59 25,345 200,679
Rural major collector 2,101 683,741 4,460,521 256 63,689 537,296
Rural minor collector 550 139,026 1,083,720 58 9,669 33,366
Rural local road 3,185 546,774 1,541,195 494 53,299 146,556
Urban Interstate 843 1,413,757 30,685,035 55 101,606 1,937,902
Urban freeway/expressway 319 332,874 8,349,229 28 20,119 693,913
Urban other principal arterial 733 889,315 15,801,919 67 85,099 1,325,578
Urban minor arterial 830 750,633 9,588,522 93 76,195 956,523
Urban collector 487 284,009 3,376,750 47 24,541 254,086
Urban local road 601 298,267 2,448,228 71 19,362 142,257
Total 11,341 6,401,389 94,502,171 1,292 518,387 6,919,228
Type of Work Number of Bridges Cost to Repair
(in millions)
Daily Crossings Area of Bridges
(sq. meters)
Bridge replacement 667 $617 1,998,265 146,005
Widening & rehabilitation 75 $126 1,338,561 43,772
Rehabilitation 1,067 $1,260 5,620,853 438,361
Deck rehabilitation/replacement 763 $2,151 9,482,251 747,697
Other structural work 160 $211 611,763 73,325
Total 2,732 $4,365 19,051,693 1,449,160

About the data:

Data and cost estimates are from the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) National Bridge Inventory (NBI), downloaded on July 3, 2023. Note that specific conditions on bridges may have changed as a result of recent work or updated inspections.

Effective January 1, 2018, FHWA changed the definition of structurally deficient as part of the final rule on highway and bridge performance measures, published May 20, 2017 pursuant to the 2012 federal aid highway bill Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21). Two measures that were previously used to classify bridges as structurally deficient are no longer used. This includes bridges where the overall structural evaluation was rated in poor or worse condition, or where the adequacy of waterway openings was insufficient.

The new definition limits the classification to bridges where one of the key structural elements—the deck, superstructure, substructure or culverts, are rated in poor or worse condition. During inspection, the conditions of a variety of bridge elements are rated on a scale of 0 (failed condition) to 9 (excellent condition). A rating of 4 is considered “poor” condition.

Cost estimates have been derived by ARTBA, based on 2022 average bridge replacement costs for structures on and off the National Highway System, published by FHWA. Bridge rehabilitation costs are estimated to be 68 percent of replacement costs. A bridge is considered to need repair if the structure has identified repairs as part of the NBI, a repair cost estimate is supplied by the bridge owner or the bridge is classified as structurally deficient. Please note that for a few states, the number of bridges needing to be repaired can vary significantly from year to year, and reflects the data entered by the state.

Bridges are classified by FHWA into types based on the functional classification of the roadway on the bridge. Interstates comprise routes officially designated by the Secretary of Transportation. Other principal arterials serve major centers of urban areas or provide mobility through rural areas. Freeways and expressways have directional lanes generally separated by a physical barrier, and access/egress points generally limited to on- and off-ramps. Minor arterials serve smaller areas and are used for trips of moderate length. Collectors funnel traffic from local roads to the arterial network; major collectors have higher speed limits and traffic volumes and are longer in length and spaced at greater intervals, while minor collectors are shorter and provide service to smaller communities. Local roads do not carry through traffic and are intended for short distance travel.

9
Compared to 9 in 2022

in the nation in % of structurally deficient bridges

1. West Virginia 20.0%
8. Louisiana 12.0%
9. Michigan 11.0%
10. North Dakota 11.0%

12
Compared to 12 in 2022

in the nation in # of structurally deficient bridges

1. Iowa 4,558
11. Kansas 1,305
12. Michigan 1,292
13. Ohio 1,251

10
Compared to 11 in 2022

in the nation in % of structurally deficient bridge deck area

1. Rhode Island 15.0%
9. South Dakota 10.0%
10. Michigan 8.0%
11. Missouri 8.0%
Full State Ranking

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  • Source: Data is from the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) National Bridge Inventory (NBI), downloaded on July 3, 2023. Note that specific conditions on bridges may have changed as a result of recent work or updated inspections.

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